Abstract
Today, more than 56% of all coal in Russia is mined in Kuzbass. As a result of its burning, about half a million ash and slag waste (ASW) is generated per year. Ash dumps with such waste are constantly dusting; mobile ions of inorganic substances are washed away by precipitation, polluting the environment. Burned coals, being natural sorbents, contain impurities of many valuable elements, including rare-earth and precious metals, while their content in ash increases several times and can reach payable concentrations. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology for recovery of valuable components from ash and slag and using the remaining ash mass in construction and fertilizer industries. The efficiency of flotoextraction and chemical concentration methods for recovery of valuable components is assessed in the paper. The composition of the initial ash and slag samples and the resulting products of their processing were analyzed using infrared spectroscopic and optical emission methods.
Highlights
Coal reserves in comparison with the reserves of other energy carriers are quite high
According to experts, at the current rate of use, explored coal reserves will last for 200 years
The total geological coal reserves here are estimated at 319 billion tons
Summary
Coal reserves in comparison with the reserves of other energy carriers are quite high. The development of technology for the processing coal consumption waste, using them as raw materials for obtaining valuable components will make it possible to turn waste into revenues, that is, partially cover the need for rare metals, and improve the environmental situation. In order to increase the concentration of valuable components to recoverable rate, it is necessary to process the waste, considering it in the same quality as conventional mineral raw materials. For this purpose, the ion flotation method was used in this work, which is the best suited for the recovery of substances from solutions with a very low concentration of components (up to 10-8 mol/l)
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