Abstract
The production of inorganic thermal insulation materials with a fibrous structure, consisting of a fibrous skeleton and air pores, generates phenol-formaldehyde solid waste. Formaldehyde resin is used to crosslink, or glue, fibers together, so that most of the phenol and formaldehyde released after evaporation is found in wastewater, while the remaining part is generated as solid waste. The paper characterizes solid waste using the following chemical analyses: UV-VIS spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and gas chromatography. This is done with the aim to provide a more detailed consideration of the pollution potential. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that the drainage water according to the criteria for underground water contains increased amounts of copper, cadmium, lead, chromium, cobalt, nickel and phenol. At the same time, the concentrations of copper, cadmium, nickel and phenol also exceed the values, which is a condition that requires more detailed investigations. The concentration of phenol is getting close to the threshold value (0.050 mg/dm3), according to which measures are recommended. The paper proposes an eco-technical solution for waste stabilization through supercritical aqueous oxidation of phenol-formaldehyde and metal waste.
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