Abstract
Recovery of value-added metals from wastes using bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) has attracted much attention during the past 6–8 years due to the shortage of natural ores and environmental considerations. Present metallurgical BESs have been conducted with the aim either to increase the efficiency of metal recovery using these established BESs or to develop novel processes for broadening the applicable BESs for metal recovery. This review attempts to briefly summarize these recovery technologies, highlighting recent discoveries of recovering metals through BESs and discussing critically the effects of processes and design parameters on recovery rate. The metallurgical BES technologies are summarized based on the developments of two aspects, namely, abiotic cathodes and biocathodes, in the scientific literature. Future research needs that enable better understanding and optimization of the recovery efficiency of metallurgical BESs are outlined.
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