Abstract
Because carbon dioxide adsorbs the radiation from the Sun and the Earth’s surface, global warming has become a severe problem in this century. Global warming causes many environmental problems such as heatwave, desertification, and erratic rainfall. Above all, erratic rainfall makes people have insufficient freshwater. To solve this problem, desalination technology has been developed in many countries. Although desalination technology can provide freshwater, it produces brine as well (producing 1 L of freshwater would result in 1 L of brine). The brine will decrease the dissolved oxygen in the sea and affect the organism’s habitat. In this study, magnesium and calcium from desalination brine were recovered in the form of magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide by adjusting the pH value for carbon capture and sodium removal. Magnesium hydroxide would turn into magnesium carbonate through contacting CO2 in saturated amine carriers. Calcium hydroxide was added to the brine and reacted with CO2 (modified Solvay process). Sodium in brine would then be precipitated in the form of sodium bicarbonate. After removing sodium, brine can be released back into the ocean, or other valuable metals can be extracted from brine without the side effect of sodium. The results revealed that 288 K of 3-Amino-1-propanol could capture 15 L (26.9 g) of CO2 and that 25 g/L of Ca(OH)2 at 288 K was the optimal parameter to remove 7000 ppm sodium and adsorb 16 L (28.7 g) of CO2 in the modified Solvay process. In a nutshell, this research aims to simultaneously treat the issue of CO2 emission and desalination brine by combining the amines carrier method and the modified Solvay process.
Highlights
Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) is the principal reason for the greenhouse effect, global warming, and climate change [1,2,3,4,5]
After magnesium hydroxide reacted with saturated amine carriers, magnesium carbonate was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD, DX-2700, Dandong City, Liaoning Province, China) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM, S-3000N, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan)
The magnesium, calcium, and sodium precipitation efficiencies were detected by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES, Varian, Vista-MPX, PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA)
Summary
Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) is the principal reason for the greenhouse effect, global warming, and climate change [1,2,3,4,5]. The global average temperature increases when the concentration of CO2 rises and causes many extreme climate events such as heatwave, desertification, and erratic rainfall. Erratic rainfall makes people have insufficient freshwater. Desalination technology has been developed since the 1950s [7]. Producing 1 L of freshwater will generate 1 L of brine, demonstrating that the amount of brine from desalination plants is equal to freshwater. To solve these problems simultaneously, brine is used for CO2 capture to enhance its value (Avoiding releasing it directly into the ocean)
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