Abstract
In the boreal spring of 2022, a record-breaking rainfall event occurred in the northern Amazon basin, causing major economic and property damage. Using observational datasets and sensitivity tests from the linear baroclinic model, this study shows that the combined effect of the Pacific and Atlantic sea surface temperatures (SSTs) contributed to this extreme rainfall event. Negative (positive) SST anomalies in the tropical southeastern Pacific (tropical South Atlantic) favored anomalous westerlies (southeasterlies) from the tropical eastern Pacific (southwestern Atlantic) to the northern Amazon basin, which led to enhanced convergence of water vapor and positive rainfall anomalies in the northern Amazon basin. Our study offers insight into the combined effects of the Pacific and Atlantic SSTs in driving extreme rainfall event in the Amazon basin.
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