Reconstruction of the volume-planning parameters of schools using biophilic principles and techniques

Abstract

The aim of the study is to approve the method of evaluation of school buildings, based on the use of space-planning parameters of objects, taking into account the principles and techniques of biophilic architecture. Objectives of the study: to evaluate typical projects of schools of the Soviet period, taking into account modern standards of ecological construction, requirements of bioclimatic comfort and biophilic principles, using space-planning parameters specified in the design architectural and construction drawings; consider this method as the primary step for the diagnosis of potential biophilic properties of buildings, visual connection with the environment; make a critical analysis and provide recommendations for the use of this method of assessment. The study of domestic and foreign experience in creating biophilic learning spaces showed that preliminary analysis of volumetric and planning parameters of school buildings, can be used to diagnose the potential biophilic properties of objects, such as the efficiency of daylighting, natural ventilation, visual connection with the outside environment. The study critically analyzes the plans, facades, and cuts of typical Soviet school projects from the 1960s-1970s based on contemporary building certification standards and principles of bioclimatic, biophilic architecture. The significance of the obtained results for architects and designers is that the proposed method makes it possible to give a quick initial assessment of the potential biophilic properties of an object during the development of school reconstruction projects on the basis of the volume-planning parameters of buildings specified in the project documentation without a full-scale survey.