Abstract
This research investigates the impact of modified gravity on cosmic scales, focusing on [Formula: see text] cosmology. By applying energy conditions, the study reconstructs various [Formula: see text] models, considering an accelerating Universe, quintessence, and a cosmological constant [Formula: see text]. Using up-to-date observational data, including the Supernova Pantheon sample and cosmic chronometer data, Hubble constants [Formula: see text] are estimated as [Formula: see text] km/s/Mpc (from [Formula: see text] data) and [Formula: see text] km/s/Mpc (from pantheon compilation of SN Ia data). The matter energy density parameter ([Formula: see text]) is calculated as [Formula: see text] (OHD) and [Formula: see text] (SN Ia). Furthermore, as a function of red-shift [Formula: see text], explicit expressions of [Formula: see text] and the EOS parameter [Formula: see text] are produced, and their graphical analysis describes the late time acceleration of the Universe without the usage of dark energy.
Published Version
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