Reconstruction of Sunda Strait Tsunami 2018

Abstract

The Sunda Strait Tsunami that occurred on 22 December 2018 was an extraordinary event. This event began with an increase in the volcanic activity of Mount Anak Krakatau on 29 June 2018 that occurred in the form of a series of eruptions and earthquakes that continually caused landslides of Mount Anak Krakatau. The landslide of Mount Anak Krakatau's body that entered the sea generated tsunami waves and hit several areas in the Sunda Strait. Tsunami reconstruction is done by numerical modeling of tsunami wave formation, propagation of tsunami waves, and tsunami inundation using COMCOT software. Data used in tsunami reconstruction are topographical and bathymetry data in the Sunda Strait region and landslide parameters in the form of snapshots (time phases) of landslide movements as tsunami wave generators. Tsunami reconstruction generates information about the propagation of tsunami waves from sources to coastal areas and the height of the tsunami inundation in the area affected by the tsunami. This study also validated the results of the tsunami reconstruction compared with actual events using BIG tide station data in the Sunda Strait area, the results of the study by Syamsidik et al. (2019) [1], and the arrival time of the tsunami originating from BMKG. Validation shows that the waves resulting from reconstruction are larger and the periods are faster than the actual events, but the height of tsunami inundation results from reconstruction is lower and the tsunami arrival time is slower than the actual event.