Abstract
A method to generate the optical vortex beam with arbitrary superposition of orbital angular momentum (OAM) on photonic chip is proposed. The components of different OAMs can be controlled by the phases of incident light based on the Fourier transformation principle. A typical device composed of nine Fourier holographic gratings is illustrated, where the OAMs of the generated optical vortex beam can be controlled on-demand from -2nd to 2nd and the working bandwidth is about 80 nm. Our work provides a feasible method to manipulate the vortex beam or detect arbitrary superposition of OAMs in the integrated photonics.
Highlights
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) of a single photon has inherent infinite and orthogonal dimension for encoding quantum information, which is proposed to be a fascinating area of research since 1992.1 Because of the unbounded dimensions of the OAM, it is possible to encode a single photon by OAM in a high dimensional space
A reconfigurable vortex beam generator (RVBG) on a photonic chip is proposed, which is based on the Fourier holographic gratings connected to an array of waveguides
The schematic illustration of the Fourier holographic grating. (a) The vortex beam generated by nine incident wave couple to the fan-shaped holographic gratings on a chip. (b) The generation of vortex beam with an arbitrary superposition of OAMs by combining holographic gratings and arbitrary unitary mode converters. (c) The precedure for preparating the Fourier holographic gratings
Summary
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) of a single photon has inherent infinite and orthogonal dimension for encoding quantum information, which is proposed to be a fascinating area of research since 1992.1 Because of the unbounded dimensions of the OAM, it is possible to encode a single photon by OAM in a high dimensional space. The potential application of OAM in quantum attract a lot of interest. A reconfigurable vortex beam generator (RVBG) on a photonic chip is proposed, which is based on the Fourier holographic gratings connected to an array of waveguides. Arbitrary superposition of OAM in an optical vortex beam can be generated by controlling the phase and amplitude of lights in the waveguides, or be detected as a reversal process. We show the procedure to construct the RVBG by nine Fourier holographic gratings on nine fan-shaped waveguides ranged in a disk. We demonstrated that the vortex beam with OAM from −2nd to 2nd can be selectively generated with high fidelity and large wavelength bandwidth. Besides of the vortex beam with single OAM, vortex beams with a superposition of different OAMs can obtained by the proposed device with appropriated incident light phases and amplitudes in waveguides
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