Recommendations for Diagnosis and Prevention of Cytomegalovirus-Associated Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Breast-Fed Preterm Infants.

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We present the case of a breast-fed preterm infant with postnatally acquired cytomegalovirus (CMV) and severe necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) associated with CMV. The infant had persistent severe thrombocytopenia with clinical deterioration despite multiple platelet transfusions and maximal medical treatment. Surgical intervention was not feasible owing to the instability of the infant's condition. Upon identification of CMV in urine, intravenous ganciclovir was initiated with significant clinical improvement. We also present a literature review of cases of CMV-related NEC or other gastrointestinal complications in preterm and term infants.