Abstract
The present work relates diagnosticated cases of fish diseases in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil between January/1999 and December/2000. During 1999, the monogenean was the most important parasite (72.9%), followed by Piscinoodinium pillulare (43.2%), Henneguya piaractus (34.2%), Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (23.4%) and copepodids of Lernaea cyprinacea (9.0%). However, in 2000, monogenean showed 78.9%, trichodinids 52.1%, P. pillulare 35.7%, I. multifiliis 29.8% and L. cyprinacea 11.9%. The most infected fish was Piaractus mesopotamicus, followed by Leporinus macrocephalus, hybrid tambacu and Oreochromis niloticus. This work showed the highest susceptibility of “tambacu” and L. macrocephalus to P. pillulare and P. mesopotamicus to monogenean Anacanthorus penilabiatus. The authors emphasize the importance of prophylaxis in farmed-fish, as well as adequate transport and water quality. The regular accompaniment of fish health, strategic applications of sodium chloride in the water and vitamin C supplementation in the ration to avoid the unbalance of the host/parasite/environment system.
Highlights
Aquaculture in Brazil has presented a rapid development, especially with the intensive fish farms
Parasitic infections have been studied by Meyer (1970), Mellergaard and Dalsgaard (1987), Pojmanska (1994), Buchmann et al (1995), Sharples and Evans (1995) and Huntington et al (1996)
A total of 186 cases were diagnosed at the Laboratory of Pathology of Aquatic Organisms of the Aquaculture Center, Unesp, Jaboticabal, state of São Paulo, Brazil from January/1999 to December/2000
Summary
Aquaculture in Brazil has presented a rapid development, especially with the intensive fish farms. In the state of São Paulo, Acta Scientiarum. Martins (1998) has disseminated the importance of prophylactic measures in fish farms, with the accompaniment of fish health, to avoid parasite reproduction. Studies on parasites prevalence in cultivated fish are scarce. Some authors reported occurrences in the Northeast region of São Paulo (Ceccarelli et al, 1990; Martins and Romero, 1996, Békési, 1992). Parasitic infections have been studied by Meyer (1970), Mellergaard and Dalsgaard (1987), Pojmanska (1994), Buchmann et al (1995), Sharples and Evans (1995) and Huntington et al (1996). Martins et al (2000) related the main parasites in the cultivated freshwater fish in São Paulo State as well as their histopathological effects from 1993 to 1998
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