Abstract
ABSTRACT Federal laws enacted in 1969 and 1970 strongly influenced the United States coal industry. The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970 limited the utility of high-sulfur coals. A consequence has been the loss of some markets for Appalachian and Midcontinent coals and a shift to more desirable low-sulfur varieties. The poor quality but low-sulfur subbituminous and lignite coals of the Western Region are now mined in greater quantities. Long distance delivery of Western coals is accomplished by railroad unit trains, extra high voltage electrical transmission lines, and inland waterways. Slurry pipelines are proposed. The 1969 Coal Mine Health and Safety Act has been a major factor in a decline in coal mine productivity in Appalachia. This law has been a stimulus to strip mining in the Midcontinent and Western Regions. State strip mine land reclamation acts have least favorable consequences for Appalachia. Revegetation clauses may prohibit extraction of coals in excessively dry segments of the Western Region.
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