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Abstract
Nano-fertilizers (NFs) significantly improve soil quality and plant growth performance and enhance crop production with quality fruits/grains. The management of macro-micronutrients is a big task globally, as it relies predominantly on synthetic chemical fertilizers which may not be environmentally friendly for human beings and may be expensive for farmers. NFs may enhance nutrient uptake and plant production by regulating the availability of fertilizers in the rhizosphere; extend stress resistance by improving nutritional capacity; and increase plant defense mechanisms. They may also substitute for synthetic fertilizers for sustainable agriculture, being found more suitable for stimulation of plant development. They are associated with mitigating environmental stresses and enhancing tolerance abilities under adverse atmospheric eco-variables. Recent trends in NFs explored relevant agri-technology to fill the gaps and assure long-term beneficial agriculture strategies to safeguard food security globally. Accordingly, nanoparticles are emerging as a cutting-edge agri-technology for agri-improvement in the near future. Interestingly, they do confer stress resistance capabilities to crop plants. The effective and appropriate mechanisms are revealed in this article to update researchers widely.
Highlights
Agriculture and Nano-FertilizersNano-fertilizers are important in modern agriculture, having appropriate formulations and delivery mechanisms to ensure optimal uptake/usage in plants [2,12,27]
Introduction iationsAgriculture is the economic backbone of developing countries and provides food for better living globally [1,2]
We examined recent trends in deploying engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in agriculture, emphasizing nanotechnology-enabled fertilizers called “nano-fertilizers”
Summary
Nano-fertilizers are important in modern agriculture, having appropriate formulations and delivery mechanisms to ensure optimal uptake/usage in plants [2,12,27]. These nanoscale fertilizers reduce nutrient losses due to leaching, and chemical alterations can be avoided—to enhance nutrient use efficiency and environmental quality [14,28] by exploring NPs based on various metals and metal oxides for application in agriculture. The nanoscale particles are smaller in size and may be absorbed with different dynamics from those in bulk particles or ionic salts, which has significant benefits [29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41], as shown in
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