Abstract
Energy storage is the process of capturing energy generated at one time and storing it for later usage in order to alleviate energy demand–supply mismatches. Energy storage entails transferring energy from difficult-to-store forms to more handy or cost-effective forms. The physicochemical characteristics of the materials used are strongly related to the performance of electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices. Due to their extra ordinary electrical and mechanical characteristics, nanomaterials with remarkable structures have piqued curiosity, and their surface features also play a key role in electrochemical activity. A polymeric membrane which is placed in between negative and positive electrodes of battery to not make a direct contact and prevents electrical short circuiting is known as separator. At the same time, it also transfers ions to complete the circuit during the electrochemical process. This chapter delineates about the separators and their different types in accordance with their use in different batteries and their physical and electro-chemical properties, performance, their fabrication and production techniques. This chapter also discusses the evolution of separators from early lead acid batteries to lithium ion, lithium Sulphur, lithium metal, sodium ion, zinc air, alkaline Zn/MnO2 and iron air batteries. Role of nanomaterials in separators is also presented in this chapter.Key wordsSeparatorRechargeable batteriesNanomaterialsElectrochemicalProcessEnergy storage system
Published Version
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