Abstract
In recent years, magnetic micro- and nanorobots have been developed and extensively used in many fields. Actuated by magnetic fields, micro- and nanorobots can achieve controllable motion, targeted transportation of cargo, and energy transmission. The proper use of magnetic fields is essential for the further research and development of micro- and nanorobotics. In this article, recent progress in magnetic applications in the field of micro- and nanorobots is reviewed. First, the achievements of manufacturing micro- and nanorobots by incorporating different magnetic nanoparticles, such as diamagnetic, paramagnetic, and ferromagnetic materials, are discussed in detail, highlighting the importance of a rational use of magnetic materials. Then the innovative breakthroughs of using different magnetoelectric devices and magnetic drive structures to improve the micro- and nanorobots are reviewed. Finally, based on the biofriendliness and the precise and stable performance of magnetic micro- and nanorobots in microbial environments, some future challenges are outlined, and the prospects of magnetic applications for micro- and nanorobots are presented.
Highlights
Micro- and nanorobots (MNRs) present challenges and prospects in the field of nanotechnology
The penetration of biological tissues without damage and free movement in the microbial environment can be achieved with magnetic fields, which has become a highlight of research in the field of MNRs
This review summarizes the latest research on magnetic MNRs and discusses the development of MNRs regarding magnetic materials, magnetoelectric concepts, and magnetic drive structures
Summary
Micro- and nanorobots (MNRs) present challenges and prospects in the field of nanotechnology.
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