Abstract
Repairing tooth defects with dental resin composites is currently the most commonly used method due to their tooth-colored esthetics and photocuring properties. However, the higher than desirable failure rate and moderate service life are the biggest challenges the composites currently face. Secondary caries is one of the most common reasons leading to repair failure. Therefore, many attempts have been carried out on the development of a new generation of antimicrobial and therapeutic dental polymer composite materials to inhibit dental caries and prolong the lifespan of restorations. These new antimicrobial materials can inhibit the formation of biofilms, reduce acid production from bacteria and the occurrence of secondary caries. These results are encouraging and open the doors to future clinical studies on the therapeutic value of antimicrobial dental resin-based restoratives. However, antimicrobial resins still face challenges such as biocompatibility, drug resistance and uncontrolled release of antimicrobial agents. In the future, we should focus on the development of more efficient, durable and smart antimicrobial dental resins. This article focuses on the most recent 5 years of research, reviews the current antimicrobial strategies of composite resins, and introduces representative antimicrobial agents and their antimicrobial mechanisms.
Highlights
Once a tooth defect has formed, restorations are well accepted therapeutic regimens.Because of their tooth-colored esthetics, direct-filling capability and light-curing properties, resin composites are the most commonly used restorative materials and have been increasingly used to replace toxic amalgams [1,2,3]
The results showed that the addition of Zn-Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) to the composite could significantly improve the antibacterial activity, and the antibacterial rate of the composite with 15 wt% of Zn-doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Zn-MSNs) reached 100% [51]
The results showed that foundation material incorporating 1% wt/wt Quaternary ammonium salt polyethyleneimine (QPEI) nanoparticles exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosuss
Summary
Once a tooth defect has formed, restorations are well accepted therapeutic regimens. Because of their tooth-colored esthetics, direct-filling capability and light-curing properties, resin composites are the most commonly used restorative materials and have been increasingly used to replace toxic amalgams [1,2,3]. As with other types of dental caries, is a biofilm-dependent oral disease, resulting in destruction of the tooth structure by acid production from pathogenic bacteria at the tooth–restoration margin. Many leachable antibacterial agents, such as chlorhexidine (CHX) [16], chitosan [17], silver [18] and nanoparticles (NPs) [19] have been integrated into dental composites This strategy works by releasing preloaded antimicrobial agents into the oral environment. The existing problems of antimicrobial resin are indicated and future prospects are put forward
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