Abstract
Amplitude-modulation frequency-modulation (AM-FM) decompositions represent images using spatially-varying sinusoidal waves and their spatially-varying amplitudes. AM-FM decompositions use different scales and bandpass filters to extract the wide range of instantaneous frequencies and instantaneous amplitude components that may be present in an image. In the past few years, as the understanding of its theory advanced, AM-FM decompositions have been applied in a series of medical imaging problems ranging from ultrasound to retinal image analysis, yielding excellent results. This article summarizes the theory of AM-FM decompositions and related medical imaging applications.
Highlights
In the field of computer aided detection and diagnostics (CAD), recent advances in image processing techniques have brought a wide array of applications into the field
Conclusions and future work We have provided a summary of recent Amplitude-Modulation Frequency-Modulation (AM-FM) applications in medical imaging
It is important to note that medical imaging applications come from a variety of AM-FM methods and models
Summary
In the field of computer aided detection and diagnostics (CAD), recent advances in image processing techniques have brought a wide array of applications into the field. Multidimensional AM-FM models and methods provide us with powerful, image and video decompositions that can effectively describe non-stationary content. They represent an extension to standard Fourier analysis, allowing both the amplitude and the phase functions to vary spatially over the support of the image, following changes in local texture and brightness. Meaningful texture features, over multiple scales, at a pixel-level resolution, (ii) the image can be reconstructed from the AM-FM decompositions, (iii) based on the target application, different AM-FM decompositions using different frequency coverage can be designed, and (iv) very robust methods for AM-FM demodulation have been recently developed (see some recent examples in [4]).
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