Recent Lipase-Catalyzed Hydrolytic Approaches to Pharmacologically Important β-and λ-Amino Acids

Abstract

Kinetic and sequential kinetic enzymatic routes for the synthesis of enantiomeric β- and λ-amino acids through enzymatic ring cleavage of the corresponding lactams in organic solvents or solvent-free systems or a supercritical CO2 medium, and for the enantioselective hydrolysis of the corresponding amino esters in organic solvents are reviewed. In the frame of a practical guide, a simple and rapid GC enantioseparation technique for amino acids, including exact descriptions of selected enzymatic reactions, is additionally presented. Keywords: β-amino acid, λ-amino acid, β-amino ester, burkholderia cepacia lipase PS, candida antarctica lipase B, enantiomer, enzymatic catalysis, GC enantioseparation, kinetic resolution, β-lactam, λ-lactam, lipase, organic solvent, sequential resolution, solvent-free system, supercritical CO2.