Abstract
Regulatory functions of the hypothalamus have been extensively studied in sheep. By using various surgical, electrophysiological and biochemical methods hypothalamic areas involved in the control of ovulation, sexual behavior and lactation have been identified and localized. Studies on reproductive endocrinology in cattle, employing modem analytical methods, resulted in working out a pattern of changes in plasma levels of some pituitary and steroid hormones, including protein binding of the latter ones, throughout the reproductive cycle of the female. In a study on transplantation of sheep ova it has been shown that their in vitro storage for several days, followed by a successful fertilization, is possible. Another line of research has been the reproductive physiology of the bull, boar and ram. A detailed time-pattern analysis of the copulation process has been done with respect to the animal's behavior, semen transport and changes in some physiologic parameters and blood constituents. It has been also shown that even severe underfeeding of the male does not significantly alter its reproductive performance.
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