Recent Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents as Green Solvent in Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction of Trace Level Chemical Contaminants in Food and Water

Abstract

As growing concerns on green, cost-effective, and time-saving chemistry analysis methods, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are considered to be promising green alternatives to conventional solvents in dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) of trace level chemical contaminants in food and water, due to their biodegradability, low cost, and simple preparation. In the past few years, numerous innovative researches have focused on preconcentration of trace level chemical contaminants using DESs as extractant. In this context, this review aims to summarize the updated state-of-the-art effort dedicated to preconcentration of trace level chemical contaminants in food and water sample using DESs as extractants in DLLME. Furthermore, the major impact factors affecting the preconcentration efficiency and process mechanisms are thoroughly analyzed and discussed. Finally, prospects and challenges in application of DESs as solvents in DLLME to enrich trace level chemical contaminants are extensively elucidated and critically reviewed.