Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged recently as new and green solvents. DESs can be used for extraction and separation of both inorganic metallic components and organic compounds such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, sugars, and aromatic amines from food samples. DESs possess a tunable property simply by adjusting the ratio of hydrogen bond acceptors to the hydrogen bond donors. As a green extraction medium, DESs have various applications in the pretreatment process and improve the efficiency of different food analyses. This review summarizes the findings of recent studies on the development, production, application, and efficacy of DESs in the pretreatment process of various food analyses.
Highlights
Food analysis has become one of the most important procedures in safety and quality control during the manufacture of food products
It is essential to develop various new instrumental techniques regarding the applications of ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry in food analysis
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) that could be used for one-step preparation for chemical characterization of peppermint were prepared by Jeong et al [28], who found that the DES composed of choline chloride (ChCl) and D-(+)-glucose (5:2 M ratio) was the most efficient extraction solvent of the selected DESs (HBA: citric acid, urea, or ChCl; hydrogen bond donor (HBD): glycerol, xylitol, or D-(+)-glucose)
Summary
Food analysis has become one of the most important procedures in safety and quality control during the manufacture of food products. It is important to develop various novel pretreatment technologies with low cost and high efficiency in analysis of foods. Conventional organic solvents, such as methanol, acetonitrile, ethanol, hexane, acetones, and so on, are required in pretreatment technologies for food analysis, including extraction, separation, and pre-concentration. These conventional organic solvents are of low cost and are easy to evaporate; their residue levels and resulting pollution are of concern [1].
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