Recent advances of two–dimensional molybdenum disulfide based materials: Synthesis, modification and applications in energy conversion and storage

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MoS2, as a typical layered transition–metal dichalcogenides material, has attracted numerous attentions of the applications in heterogeneous catalysis and electrochemical energy storage systems, due to its unique layered structure and electronic properties. Although many efforts have been endeavored on the development of MoS2–based nanomaterials, the low electronic conductivity, many obstacles such as the low catalytic efficiency and the low structural stability, still hinder the development of MoS2–based nanomaterials in energy conversion and storage. In this review, we summarize the preparation and modification strategies for tuning the intrinsic electronic structure of MoS2. Meanwhile, the recent progresses of MoS2–based nanomaterials for their applications in heterogeneous catalysis, as well as in lithium/sodium ion batteries, have been also summarized. Finally, the challenges and prospects of MoS2–based nanomaterials in the promising research areas are also discussed.