Recent Advances in Water Treatment Membranes Based on Nanomaterials (A Review)

Abstract

Nanomaterials have emerged as the next generation of materials for high-performance water treatment membranes, with the ability to address the global problem of pollution in water. Application of nanoparticles as membranes improves permeability feature for water, mechanical performance, efficiency of separation, and membrane fouling. As a result, the nanomaterials open up a new avenue for effectively selective membranes for purification of the water. This paper discusses the enhancements in membrane caused by the presence of various nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles (NPs), two-dimensional nano-materials (2D), nanofibers, nanosheets, and other nano-composite structure materials. Furthermore, the many uses of these membranes-based nanoparticles in treatment of water applications are emphasized. The goal is to show how important nanoparticles are in the membrane manufacturing in treatment of water. Nanomaterials and nanotechnology were discovered to have enormous promise for the progress of sustainable treatment of water and its wastes.