Abstract
Nanomaterials have emerged as the new future generation materials for high-performance water treatment membranes with potential for solving the worldwide water pollution issue. The incorporation of nanomaterials in membranes increases water permeability, mechanical strength, separation efficiency, and reduces fouling of the membrane. Thus, the nanomaterials pave a new pathway for ultra-fast and extremely selective water purification membranes. Membrane enhancements after the inclusion of many nanomaterials, including nanoparticles (NPs), two-dimensional (2-D) layer materials, nanofibers, nanosheets, and other nanocomposite structural materials, are discussed in this review. Furthermore, the applications of these membranes with nanomaterials in water treatment applications, that are vast in number, are highlighted. The goal is to demonstrate the significance of nanomaterials in the membrane industry for water treatment applications. It was found that nanomaterials and nanotechnology offer great potential for the advancement of sustainable water and wastewater treatment.
Highlights
Water scarcity is presently a major area of concern for the entire world [1,2,3]
The silk nanofibrils (SNFs)-based ultrathin membrane synthesized in this study showed a water flux of 13,000 L·h−1 ·m−2 ·bar−1, which is greater than 1000 times of the most commercial ultrathin filtration membranes at present
The results of the study demonstrated that the (PAN)-ZnO nanofiber membranes (NFMs) exhibited a very high removal rate of more than 95% for sunset yellow (YS), methylene blue (MB), Congo red (CR), rhodamine B (RhB), and methyl orange (MO) with an outstanding water flux
Summary
Water scarcity is presently a major area of concern for the entire world [1,2,3]. Rapid industrial development and global population growth are increasing the demand for several water resources. 1 shows the number of publications about the use of about the use of nanomaterial-based membranes water treatment. Materials-based membranes in the water treatment field has general increasing trend. This proves the importance of the nanomaterials in athe membrane field for water treatment. Several types membrane of researchmodifications and studiesfollowing have been to examine the use of nananoparticles (NPs), two-dimensional layer materials, nanofibers, nanosheets, and nomaterials in the advancement of membrane performance. The particles (NPs), two-dimensional layer materials, nanofibers, nanosheets, otherfor water purpose is to prove the significance of nanomaterials in the membraneand industry nanocomposite structural treatmentmaterials.
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