Recent Advances in Understanding and Management of Arteriovenous Malformations of the Temporal Skin Area

Abstract

Context: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the temporal skin area, though less common than cerebral AVMs, pose significant challenges in terms of cosmetic and functional outcomes. Over the past decade, substantial advancements have been made in the understanding and management of these lesions. This paper aims to review the latest developments in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of temporal skin AVMs, and to explore ongoing challenges and emerging research directions. Evidence Acquisition: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The focus was on research published in the past ten years related to temporal skin AVMs, including reviews, clinical studies, and advancements in treatment techniques. Results: The review discusses the evolution in understanding the pathophysiology of temporal skin AVMs, improvements in diagnostic imaging techniques, and the refinement of surgical and non-surgical treatment approaches. The outcomes, including cosmetic and functional results, and complications associated with various treatments, are also presented. Conclusions: The management of temporal skin AVMs has benefited from multidisciplinary approaches, combining surgery, interventional radiology, and dermatology. However, challenges remain in achieving optimal cosmetic and functional outcomes, necessitating ongoing research and innovation.