Abstract
Abstract Squaraine (SQ) dyes are an important class of electron-donating (donors or p-type) semiconductors for organic solar cells (OSC) due to their facile synthetic access, broad optical absorption with high oscillator strengths, and chemical robustness. Blending them with compatible electron-acceptors (acceptors or n-type) yields OSC devices known as bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) small molecule donor organic solar cells (SMD-OSCs). Through extensive research on materials design, synthesis, characterization, and device optimization over the past ˝ve years, SMD-OSCs employing SQ-based structures have achieved remarkable increases in device power conversion e˚ciency (PCE), now approaching 8%. Although these PCEs have not yet equaled the performance of state- of-the art donor polymers and some other SMD semiconductors, SQ-based OSC progress highlights successful and generalizable strategies for small molecule solar cells that should lead to future advances. In this review, recent developments in SQ-based OSCs are discussed and analyzed.
Highlights
Squaraine (SQ) dyes are an important class of electron-donating semiconductors for organic solar cells (OSC) due to their facile synthetic access, broad optical absorption with high oscillator strengths, and chemical robustness
The results show that the JSC of the ternary devices with 4, 42 and 43 exceeds 12 mA/cm compared with 10.26 mA/cm for the binary device, and the corresponding power conversion e ciency (PCE) are 5.37%, 5.87% and 5.92%, respectively, showing >20% PCE enhancement compared with the PCDTBT:PC BM binary device
space-charge-limited current (SCLC) measurements and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging indicate that the charge mobility slightly increases and the BHJ domain size optimizes for the 0.15:1.0:3.0 ternary blend vs that based on the 29 blend
Summary
Abstract: Squaraine (SQ) dyes are an important class of electron-donating (donors or p-type) semiconductors for organic solar cells (OSC) due to their facile synthetic access, broad optical absorption with high oscillator strengths, and chemical robustness. Through extensive research on materials design, synthesis, characterization, and device optimization over the past ve years, SMD-OSCs employing SQ-based structures have achieved remarkable increases in device power conversion e ciency (PCE), approaching 8% These PCEs have not yet equaled the performance of stateof-the art donor polymers and some other SMD semiconductors, SQ-based OSC progress highlights successful and generalizable strategies for small molecule solar cells that should lead to future advances.
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