Recent Advances in Face Presentation Attack Detection

Abstract

The undeniable convenience of face recognition (FR) based biometrics has made it an attractive tool for access control in various application areas, from airports to remote banking. Widespread adoption of face biometrics, however, depends on the perception of robustness of such systems. One particular vulnerability of FR systems comes from presentation attacks (PA), where a subject A attempts to impersonate another subject B, by presenting, say, a photograph of B to the biometric sensor (i.e., the camera). PAs are the most likely forms of attacks on face biometric systems, as the camera is the only component of the biometric system that is exposed to the outside world. Presentation attack detection (PAD) methods provide an additional layer of security to FR systems. The first edition of the Handbook of Biometric Anti-Spoofing included two chapters on face-PAD. In this chapter we review the significant advances in face-PAD research since the publication of the first edition of this book. In addition to new face-PAD methods designed for color images, we also discuss advances involving other imaging modalities, such as near-infrared (NIR) and thermal imaging. Research on detecting various kinds of attacks, both planar as well as involving three-dimensional masks, is reviewed. The chapter also summarizes a number of recently published datasets for face-PAD experiments.