Abstract

The aerial parts of land plants are covered with cuticular waxes that limit non-stomatal water loss and gaseous exchanges, and protect plants from ultraviolet radiation and pathogen attacks. They are composed of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs; C20 to C34) in addition to their derivatives, aldehydes, alkanes, primary and secondary alcohols, and wax esters. Due to their physical properties, such as solidity at room temperature and a translucency ranging from transparent to opaque, plant waxes have been used as raw materials in the production of cosmetics, detergents, plastics, soaps, paints, drugs, lubricants, and high-value renewable fuels.

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