Abstract
The fuel cell, as one of the most promising electrochemical devices, is sustainable, clean, and environmentally benign. The sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an important fuel cell cathodic reaction that decides the efficiency of the overall energy conversion. In order to improve ORR efficiency, many efficient catalysts have been developed, in which the N-doped material is most popular. Polyaniline and polypyrrole as common aromatic polymers containing nitrogen were widely applied in the N-doped material. The shape-controlled N-doped carbon material can be prepared from the pyrolysis of the polyaniline or polypyrrole, which is effective to catalyze the ORR. This review is focused on the recent advance of polyaniline or polypyrrole-based ORR electrocatalysts.
Highlights
A fuel cell is a device that directly transfers chemical energy stored in fuel and oxidizer to electrical energy [1,2,3]
Quilez-Bermejo Javier et al [35] studied the activity of N-doped carbons derived from PANI
In order to increase the stability, which is the key factor in catalyst application, PANI was corrosion
Summary
A fuel cell is a device that directly transfers chemical energy stored in fuel and oxidizer to electrical energy [1,2,3]. The nitrogen-doped carbons are the most promising catalyst materials for ORR [27,28,29]. Two types of aromatic polymers including polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPy) are used to provide nitrogen atoms and control the morphology. PANI and PPy are both widely used conductive polymers [30,31,32] Their morphology can be controlled with different synthesis methods. The nitrogen content of the polymer derived N-doped carbon is controllable. This mini-review focuses on PPy- and PANI-derived electrocatalysts for Polymers 2018, 10, 1397; doi:10.3390/polym10121397 www.mdpi.com/journal/polymers. Because the two main challenges in the ORR catalysts design are high efficiency and stability, many PANI- and PPy-derived materials have been designed. This review presents the representative works and suggests potential prospective researches
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