Abstract
Numerical calculations revealing the relationship between the as‐cast structure and cooling conditions in near‐net‐shape casting of steels are presented. The solidification behaviour of steels of different composition was investigated for different process conditions with a one‐dimensional heat‐flow model. The dependence of the secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) on the distance from the chill surface was determined on the basis of the empirical relationship between local solidification time and SDAS. The numerical results were compared with experimental values of SDAS for a stainless steel, a carbon tool steel and a high‐speed steel, resp. Reasonable agreement of model calculations with the experimentally determined SDAS was obtained utilizing time‐dependent effective heat‐transfer coefficients of the order of 2.5 to 4.5 · 103 W/m2K for typical thin‐slab dimensions and 6.0 · 103 W/m2K for thin‐strip casting.
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