Abstract
Since the penetration level of wind energy is continuously increasing, the negative impact caused by the fluctuation of wind power output needs to be carefully managed. This paper proposes a novel real-time coordinated control algorithm based on a wavelet transform to mitigate both short-term and long-term fluctuations by using a hybrid energy storage system (HESS). The short-term fluctuation is eliminated by using an electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC), while the wind-HESS system output is kept constant during each 10-min period by a Ni-MH battery (NB). State-of-charge (SOC) control strategies for both EDLC and NB are proposed to maintain the SOC level of storage within safe operating limits. A ramp rate limitation (RRL) requirement is also considered in the proposed algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been tested by using real time simulation. The simulation model of the wind-HESS system is developed in the real-time digital simulator (RTDS)/RSCAD environment. The proposed algorithm is also implemented as a user defined model of the RSCAD. The simulation results demonstrate that the HESS with the proposed control algorithm can indeed assist in dealing with the variation of wind power generation. Moreover, the proposed method shows better performance in smoothing out the fluctuation and managing the SOC of battery and EDLC than the simple moving average (SMA) based method.
Highlights
The exhaustion of fossil fuels and the critical environmental pollution have led to the need to develop new clean energy sources
We applied the proposed real-time wavelet-based energy management algorithm (RWEMA) without the SOC control strategies; i.e., no adjustment was applied to the electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) and Ni-MH battery (NB) inverter references, regardless of their SOC level
This paper proposed a novel RWEMA of a wind-hybrid energy storage system (HESS) system to denoise and flatten the wind power output
Summary
The exhaustion of fossil fuels and the critical environmental pollution have led to the need to develop new clean energy sources. Regulation method of a battery in a hybrid wind power/battery energy storage system has been proposed in [9], and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation studies of a wind turbine coupled with battery supercapacitor EESS has been presented in [10] Both are based on simple filtering algorithms. Li et al [13] proposed a control algorithm cooperating wavelet transform with fuzzy logic control to smooth a hybrid system including photovoltaic and wind power systems by using a battery energy storage system. These methods are implemented via non-real time process, which limits the real-time application.
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