Abstract
A real-time combustion model was assessed and applied to simulate BMEP (Brake Mean Effective Pressure) and NOx (Nitrogen Oxide) emissions in an 11.0 L FPT Cursor 11 diesel engine for heavy-duty applications. The activity was carried out in the frame of the IMPERIUM H2020 EU Project. The developed model was used as a starting base to derive a model-based combustion controller, which is able to control indicated mean effective pressure and NOx emissions by acting on the injected fuel quantity and main injection timing. The combustion model was tested and assessed at steady-state conditions and in transient operation over several load ramps. The average root mean square error of the model is of the order of 110 ppm for the NOx simulation and of 0.3 bar for the BMEP simulation Moreover, a statistical robustness analysis was performed on the basis of the expected input parameter deviations, and a calibration sensitivity analysis was carried out, which showed that the accuracy is almost unaffected when reducing the calibration dataset by about 80%. The model was also tested on a rapid prototyping device and it was verified that it features real-time capability, since the computational time is of the order of 300–400 µs. Finally, the basic functionality of the model-based combustion controller was tested offline at steady-state conditions.
Highlights
The model was inverted in order to derive a model based combustion controller, which receives targets of IMEP (Indicated Mean Effective Pressure) and engine-out NOx emissions, and sets the injected fuel quantity and main injection timing in order to achieve the desired targets
This analysis demonstrates that the proposed model is robust even when a low number of points is used for calibration, it is physically consistent
This check is mandatory in order to verify the possibility to adopt the proposed model for the development of a model-based controller
Summary
The need to comply with the more and more stringent regulations in terms of CO2 and pollutant emissions is pushing the automotive industry to develop innovative technologies. [13] a cooperative adaptive cruise control system that combines precise positioning at the lane level and V2X communications was developed, with the aim of reducing CO2 emissions in dense traffic conditions Among these technologies, model-based combustion controls seem to have a good potential in order to achieve both fuel consumption and pollutant emission reductions, compared to the traditional map-based approach. Model-based combustion controls seem to have a good potential in order to achieve both fuel consumption and pollutant emission reductions, compared to the traditional map-based approach This has been made possible by the recent advances in the computational performance of engine control units (ECUs), which are capable of executing more and more complex model-based algorithms in real-time. A low-throughput mean-value zero dimensional model was considered, due to its physical consistency and low requirements in terms of calibration effort
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