Abstract
In the present paper, a model-based controller of engine torque and engine-out Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, which was previously developed and tested by means of offline simulations, has been validated on a FPT F1C 3.0 L diesel engine by means of rapid prototyping. With reference to the previous version, a new NOx model has been implemented to improve robustness in terms of NOx prediction. The experimental tests have confirmed the basic functionality of the controller in transient conditions, over different load ramps at fixed engine speeds, over which the average RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) values for the control of NOx emissions were of the order of 55–90 ppm, while the average RMSE values for the control of brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) were of the order of 0.25–0.39 bar. However, the test results also highlighted the need for further improvements, especially concerning the effect of the engine thermal state on the NOx emissions in transient operation. Moreover, several aspects, such as the check of the computational time, the impact of the controller on other pollutant emissions, or on the long-term engine operations, will have to be evaluated in future studies in view of the controller implementation on the engine control unit.
Highlights
IntroductionPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
The ES910 module was used to execute the script of the developed brake mean effective pressure (BMEP)/Nitrogen oxide (NOx) of the Combustion Model controller and to by-pass the baseline engine control unit (ECU) values of SOImain /pf via ETK
A model-based algorithm for the control of BMEP and engine-out NOx emissions has been implemented on an ETAS ES910 rapid prototyping device and tested on a FPT F1C 3.0 L diesel engine
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Interest in developing clean and efficient internal combustion engines is still significant into reducing CO2 and pollutant emissions from the transport sector, with reference to both spark-ignition and compression-ignition technologies [1]. With specific focus on the latter technology, diesel engines still remain the most competitive solution for several applications, such as light-duty and heavy-duty transport and agricultural machines, and, research efforts in improving their environmental impact are still ongoing
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