Abstract

espanolTodo museo o bien patrimonial tiene un mensaje (o historia) y que pretende trasmitir mediante su ejercicio expositivo, para ello utiliza diferentes canales. Sin embargo, no siempre este mensaje es percibido por el publico y por lo que es imposible que se produzca un proceso de ensenanza-aprendizaje durante la visita, por tanto, se necesita que se identifiquen (se sintonicen) y se utilicen estos canales o instrumentos de comunicacion para se produzca una educomunicacion (Aparici, 2012) efectiva durante la visita. En este articulo se presenta una investigacion en la cual se elaboro y valido una herramienta (cuestionario) cuyo objetivo unico y real era evaluar como es el proceso de comunicacion bidireccional (museo-visitante y visitante-museo). Fue llevada a cabo en la ciudad italiana de Bolonia, por la mas que constatada cantidad, calidad y variedad de museos que alberga. Los resultados arrojados son ciertamente interesantes, por un lado puso de manifiesto como los museos son las instituciones encargadas de romper el hielo comunicativo y que han de ser las encargadas de optimizar los canales comunicativos y, por otro lado, mostro como los visitantes a estas instituciones, su publico, dan pistas de como son los nuevos sistemas de comunicacion, como los utilizan y lo que se espera de ellos. EnglishEvery museum or heritage has a message (or history) and that it intends to transmit through its expository exercise, for this purpose it uses different channels. However, this message is not always perceived by the public and therefore it is impossible for a teaching-learning process to occur during the visit, therefore, it is necessary to identify (tune in) and use these channels or instruments of communication for an effective educommunication (Aparici, 2012) during the visit. This article presents an investigation in which a tool (questionnaire) was developed and validated whose sole and real objective was to evaluate how the bidirectional communication process is (museum-visitor and visitor-museum). It was carried out in the Italian city of Bologna, for the more than verified quantity, quality and variety of museums it houses. The results are certainly interesting, on the one hand it showed how museums are the institutions responsible for breaking the communicative ice and that they have to be responsible for optimizing communication channels and, on the other hand, showed how visitors to these institutions, their audience, give clues as to how the new communication systems are, how they use them and what is expected of them.

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