Realizing 2050 Net-zero in South Korea: From adaptive reduction to proactive response

Abstract

This study examines South Korea's path toward carbon neutrality by employing the triple-loop learning framework, drawing upon policy documents, reports, and case studies. It provides an in-depth examination of the transition led by both conservative and progressive governments, assessing South Korea's 2030 greenhouse gas reduction targets and 2050 carbon neutrality scenarios. Emphasizing the significance of governance in facilitating environmental transition, this study evaluates its 15-year endeavors in developing scenarios through the process of triple-loop learning. Throughout this journey, South Korea's approach has progressed from single-loop to double-loop learning, culminating in the current government's triple-loop strategy, which seeks a balanced approach integrating new and renewable energy sources. This study contributes to a more profound comprehension of governance in sustainability transitions by identifying the strengths and weaknesses within each phase. Despite the challenges inherent in implementing triple-loop learning and managing uncertainties, this research offers valuable insights into South Korea's ongoing transition towards carbon neutrality, underlining the importance of continuous evaluation.