Abstract
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) manipulation is of vital importance to construct ultracompact integrated micro/nano-optical devices and systems. Here we report the design, fabrication, and characterization of a SPP microcavity with full transverse and longitudinal mode selection and control on the surface of gold film. The designed microcavity supports the fundamental and first-order transverse modes of Gaussian mode beam with controllable longitudinal modes, respectively. The transverse mode is determined by two holographic mirrors made from deliberately designed groove patterns via the surface electromagnetic wave holography methodology, while the longitudinal mode is determined by the length of cavity. Both numerical simulations and leaky-wave SPP mode observations confirm the realization of full mode selection in the fabricated cavity. Our work opens up a powerful way to fully explore longitudinal and transverse mode control in SPP microcavities, which will be beneficial for light-matter interaction enhancement, construction of novel SPP nanolaser and microlaser, optical sensing, and optical information processing.
Highlights
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), which are electromagnetic waves confined to the interface between metal and dielectric[1,2], have many unique properties and a broad range of potential applications[3,4,5,6,7]
A more flexible scheme aims to manipulate the wavefront of plasmonic waves relies on the diffraction and interference of surface waves evolving within planar metal regions surrounded by purposely distributed scatterers
We report successful design and fabrication of a novel type of SPP microcavity where the longitudinal mode and the transverse mode are decided by the cavity length and the shape of the mirrors, respectively
Summary
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), which are electromagnetic waves confined to the interface between metal and dielectric[1,2], have many unique properties and a broad range of potential applications[3,4,5,6,7]. The realization of general functionalities of wavefront shaping can be fulfilled by complicated holographic groove patterns, which can be directly determined and designed by using the surface electromagnetic wave holography (SWH) methodology invented by us[24]. The discrete resonant frequencies correspond to different longitudinal modes and transverse modes, depending on the longitudinal length of the cavity and transverse shape of mirrors, respectively. We report successful design and fabrication of a novel type of SPP microcavity where the longitudinal mode and the transverse mode are decided by the cavity length and the shape of the mirrors, respectively. The mirror can shape as desire the reflection amplitude and phase of SPPs from the mirror and their wavefront of transport on metal surface, forming a specific transverse mode as designated within the cavity
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