Abstract
Review of national policies and legislative measures made for the protection, prevention, promotion and rehabilitation rights of persons with disabilities in Nepal to most part adhered to international measures developed in the field. Protection and welfare act of persons with disabilities was introduced in 1982-83 in the country. The Constitution of Nepal-2015 gave ample space to the concerns of persons with disability; accordingly government prepared National Act related to the rights of the persons with Disability-2017. The Act explicitly outlined objectives, policy measures and action plans to establish the health rights, education rights and right to livelihood, skill development and employment of the persons with disabilities. Health rights include preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative issues along with right to sexual and reproductive health rights, management of pelvic organ prolepses and reproductive impairments of women and girls with disabilities. Still problem lies in collection and compilation of health information by disability status of persons. The National Childhood Disability Management Strategy (CDMS) – 2008 offered policy measures for the detection, management and prevention of further impairments of childhood disabilities reaching at the door-steps where it occurs. Government introduced inclusive education policy and policies of disability friendly livelihood/skill development and employment policies. However, implementation of the policy measures still in problem due to clarity lacks in policies regarding roles and responsibilities by levels of governments from local to federal governments.
Highlights
Still persons with disabilities are denied the basic rights of schooling and inclusive education; find difficulty to visit health facility for the medical treatment of their choice and are restricted from the rights to employment of owns choice or means of livelihoods
Policies and legislative measures unanimously urged of making health, education and livelihood/employment policies and programmes friendly to persons with disabilities reaching at the community level
The most challenges lies on development of such infrastructures and taking responsibilities of it from local to federal governments
Summary
If any person find difficulty to identify shape/size and colour of any objects disability is classified as persons with vision disability as following: a. Vision less: even through the use of medicine, operation, spectacles with power lenses, if both eyes of a person could not identify hand fingers from ten feet away or could not read the first line of snellen chart (in 3/60) from the prescribed distance b. Poor vision: even through the use of medicine, operation, spectacles with power lenses, if a person could not identify hand fingers from twenty feet away (in 6/18) or could not read the letters of fourth line of snellen chart (in 3/60) from the prescribed distance. Low hearing: persons with need to add hearing devices or those who could hear 65 to 80 dB sounds. 4. Combined disability Persons with both hearing and vision related disability or defects in both of Hearing and Vision hearing and seeing organs and their interaction
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