Abstract
In this work, we study the real-time evolution of periodically driven (Floquet) systems on a quantum computer using IBM quantum devices. We consider a driven Landau-Zener model and compute the transition probability between the Floquet steady states as a function of time. We find that for this simple one-qubit model, Floquet states can develop in real time, as indicated by the transition probability between Floquet states. Next, we model light-driven spin chains and compute the time-dependent antiferromagnetic order parameter. We consider models arising from light coupling to the underlying electrons as well as those arising from light coupling to phonons. For the two-spin chains, the quantum devices yield time evolutions that match the effective Floquet Hamiltonian evolution for both models once readout error mitigation is included. For three-spin chains, zero-noise extrapolation yields a time dependence that follows the effective Floquet time evolution. Therefore, the current IBM quantum devices can provide information on the dynamics of small Floquet systems arising from light drives once error mitigation procedures are implemented.
Highlights
The recent development of technology to carry out ultrafast laser experiments on materials has allowed the control of topological and ordered states of matter in out-of-equilibrium settings
This work studied the implementation of periodically driven Hamiltonians in IBM quantum devices, currently accessible to the public
We considered a driven Landau-Zener model and showed that the Floquet states are obtained, as shown by the transition probability as a function time within one period upon implementing readout error mitigation
Summary
The recent development of technology to carry out ultrafast laser experiments on materials has allowed the control of topological and ordered states of matter in out-of-equilibrium settings. Mi et al observed an eigenstate-ordered discrete time crystal on an array of superconducting qubits [23] These works provide compelling evidence that the current quantum devices already yield information regarding dynamical aspects of quantum materials. We consider two classes of periodically driven models in this work: a driven Landau-Zener model and light-driven spin chains. The former model serves as a one-qubit system example. The later models arise as effective representations of laser-irradiated Hubbard models at half-filling and are directly relevant to describing quantum materials We examine both the cases of light coupling with the electrons and phonon degrees of freedom.
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