Real-Time Penetration Recognition Based on Voltage Signal in K-TIG Welding

Abstract

This paper focuses on discerning the melting state of keyhole tungsten inert gas (K-TIG) welding, a promising welding technique still considered a novelty. In order to achieve this goal, a sensing system is established to collect voltage signals during the welding process of 304 stainless steel. Analysis of the collected signals reveals that the characteristic signal power spectrum between 36 kHz and 37 kHz is closely related to whether the welding has complete joint penetration. The experimental findings confirm that the spectral power density of the characteristic signal varies significantly with the alteration of welding quality. Moreover, it is observed that when the welding melting state remains unchanged, the change in welding parameters is not noteworthy. When adjusting welding parameters to maintain stable feature signals during the welding process, the corresponding penetration state of the welding does change. Therefore, it is possible to ensure the stability of welding quality by altering welding parameters in real time. These research results provide valuable insights into the real-time quality monitoring of the K-TIG welding process.