Abstract

This paper presents two strategies for controlling photovoltaic power based on hysteresis controllers. These regulators adjust the photovoltaic current and voltage in order to supply the load with maximum power. The regulators are designed, produced, and tested within the ERCO-INSAT research unit. The proposed structures are experienced, and the results prove the robustness of the controls and confirm their abilities to maintain op timal power in real time. We also presented the mathematical model of the photovoltaic system, a dynamic model taking into account the variation of the climatic parameters as well as the internal parameters of the models such as the series and shunt resistances. Simulation results are validated by an experimental test that confirms the effectiveness of the current and voltage controllers carried out. This simulation is already based on the use of real solar radiation and temperature scenarios recorded by a digital oscilloscope via the intermediary of the sensors. The two techniques are ensured by the use of the Dspace card to control the DC/DC converter and to implement the chosen controls.

Highlights

  • Simulation results are validated by an experimental test that confirms the effectiveness of the current and voltage controllers carried out. is simulation is already based on the use of real solar radiation and temperature scenarios recorded by a digital oscilloscope via the intermediary of the sensors. e two techniques are ensured by the use of the Dspace card to control the DC/DC converter and to implement the chosen controls

  • We find the “Perturb and Observ” (P&O) method and the “incremental conductance” method. e research developed in [22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31] shows that these algorithms are essentially based on the variation of these measurements

  • The interest in inserting an adaptation stage between the source and the load was discussed. e structure of buck and push-pull choppers has been adopted. e principle of a hysteresis controller has been exposed, tested, and implemented. ese results essentially make it possible to present the advantages of these control approaches which offer good tracking of MPP and above all a very good conformity between the real current and voltage of the PVG and the reference values

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Summary

Introduction

Following the report published by the International Energy Agency in 2018, the global energy consumption and demand in 2030 will grow by 45%. is increase is due to the demographic development and especially the industrialization in the countries which have a number of inhabitants exceeding the two billion (China, India, etc. ) [1,2,3,4].On one hand, conventional nonrenewable resources, such as coal, oil, natural gas, and uranium, occupy almost the majority of world production of electric energy. is domination in production can cause a risk of exhaustion of resources called “fossil.”On the other hand, an environmental problem arises since this type of energy resource causes much damage to the environment such as emissions of greenhouse gases that cause the increase in pollution and global warming.erefore, to make the supply of electricity more environmentally friendly, the exploitation of new sources of energy production called “renewable energy” is essential [5,6,7,8,9,10].One of these nonpolluting energies is photovoltaic energy. is nonexhaustible source, respecting the environment, makes it possible to produce energy through a direct transformation of solar radiation into electrical energy. is conversion is achieved through the use of solar cells called “photovoltaic” (PV) and is mainly based on a physical phenomenon “photovoltaic effect.”e commercialization of photovoltaic energy can be in the form of panels or in the form of PV generators.Journal of Engineering e photovoltaic panels are characterized by the nonlinearity of their output characteristics which are influenced by environmental factors (temperature and illumination). An environmental problem arises since this type of energy resource causes much damage to the environment such as emissions of greenhouse gases that cause the increase in pollution and global warming. Erefore, to make the supply of electricity more environmentally friendly, the exploitation of new sources of energy production called “renewable energy” is essential [5,6,7,8,9,10]. One of these nonpolluting energies is photovoltaic energy.

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