Abstract
Energetic structural materials (ESMs) have many potential military applications due to their unique functions. In this work, the reactivity and penetration performance of ESMs have been examined as a shaped charge liner material. The penetration experiments of nickel-aluminum (Ni-Al) and copper-nickel-aluminum (Cu-Ni-Al)-shaped charge liners (SCLs) have been designed and fired into 45# steel. The targets were recovered and analyzed by optical microscopy, electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Vickers microhardness measurements. The head and tail of the crater walls penetrated by two reactive jets demonstrated unique microstructures. The jet rapidly decayed with the penetration process, but the “white” zone (a mixture of martensite and austenite) was more prominent in the tail, and the microhardness of the tail was much higher than that of the head. The results showed the continued exotherm of Ni-Al reactive jet when it was fired into the target. The addition of Cu reduced the exotherm of Ni-Al, Cu could not only increase the average crater size, but also raise the average penetration depth by 42%. These results offer valuable insight for utilizing ESM as shaped charge liner materials.
Highlights
Energetic structural materials (ESMs) or reactive metal materials (RMMs) possess desired mechanical properties and shock release energy
The SEM images of the fabricated Ni-Al and Cu-Ni-Al reactive-shaped charge liners (RSCL) are shown in Figure 4, and the images the offabricated
The penetration experiments were performed on two kinds of shaped charge liners, Ni-Al and
Summary
Energetic structural materials (ESMs) or reactive metal materials (RMMs) possess desired mechanical properties and shock release energy. An ESM can be an ideal platform for the combined ballistic delivery of chemical and kinetic energies [1], and it can be utilized as reactive fragments and reactive liners for producing large and effective perforations in broad military applications. Reactive metal materials have better density and sound velocity than fluorine-based reactive materials; RMMs demonstrate better characteristics as shaped charge liner materials. A systematic review of the shock-induced chemical reaction (SICR) in Ni-Al powders can be found in the study from Thadhani [4]. Zhang [5] investigated the effect of sintering temperature on mechanical properties and energy density of Ni-Al materials. The results revealed that a certain amount of energy was transferred during the sintering procedure to enhance limited mechanical properties
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