Abstract
Novel hydrometallurgical processes based on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) for high-efficiency treatment of refractory amphoteric metal-containing mineral resources have been developed. Due to the strong oxidizing capacity, ROS-rich sub-molten salt media significantly decrease the reaction condition and increase the extraction ratio in comparison of traditional methods. New concept and insight of ROS intensification and ROS electrochemical modulation has been proposed recently.
Highlights
As a typical technique for recovery of metals from their ores, concentrates and secondary resources, modern hydrometallurgy has been developed from the end of 19th century [1]
With the shortages and grade decreasing of global mineral resources, novel high-efficiency hydrometallurgical processes are proposed in recent years
reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive species containing oxygen, such as peroxides (O22-), superoxide (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radical (OH). It was firstly developed in biological field, which is formed as a natural byproduct or metabolite of oxygen in cell [3]
Summary
As a typical technique for recovery of metals from their ores, concentrates and secondary resources, modern hydrometallurgy has been developed from the end of 19th century [1]. A novel concept of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hydrometallurgy process was emerged due to its high oxidative stress for the dissolution of mineral or ores [2]. ROS are chemically reactive species containing oxygen, such as peroxides (O22-), superoxide (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radical (OH).
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