Abstract
AbstractElementary silicon is normally treated “dry” with gaseous reactants in a fluidized bed. The apparent inertness of ordinary silicon is due to surface passivation. Non‐passivated silicon reacts as a strongly electropositive element. Finely divided silicon is pyrophoric and forms surface compounds with many substances (e.g. alcohol, water, and metal or organic halides) even at room temperature. An alternative to the “dry” process is a new suspension process, in which finely divided activated silicon, preferably suspended in its liquid reaction products (possibly in the presence of the soluble catalysts) reacts at elevated pressures, generally with liquids. The reactions in suspension can be easily controlled, and al the silicon is consumed. Polysilanes often are the only initial products, and these react further in the homogeneous liquid phase to give monosilanes. For example, dissolution of ordinary silicon in methanol leads smoothly to methoxysilanes, which can add to unsaturated hydrocarbons.
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