RAZÕES DO ESTADO IMPERIAL PARA A CRIAÇÃO DO CURSO JURÍDICO EM PERNAMBUCO

Abstract

This work has as a proposal to discuss the reasons that led the Brazilian ImperialState to create the legal course in Pernambuco, as well as on the aspects thatmade the Law Faculty of Recife, one of the most important centers ofknowledge, modern history and Contemporary art from Brazil. For this, we seekin the structures, policies of the Brazilian Imperial State, the elements for thecreation of the legal course in Pernambuco. Historiographical rescue innewspapers and books, of the evolution of the legal thought of the time, thatwas fomented, in Pernambuco lands, realizing a survey of the proposals ofcreation of the legal courses in Brazil, as well as of the law of 11/08/1827 , Whichcreates legal courses in Brazil. The period of study of this research refers to theyears from 1822 to 1870, although we have to use diachronism to establish atemporal logic for the structure of understanding the facts that marked this newstage of national knowledge. Education in Brazil until the arrival of the royalfamily in 1808 summed up the Jesuit experiences of the Society of Jesus. Withthe advent of Brazil's independence in 1822, ideas about a system of educationof its own began to circulate in Brazil. This system of education, which was onceonly destined for the subjects of the crown, won defenders for its generalization,as a right of every citizen of the new nation. Pernambuco constituted possiblythe main focus of liberalism in the country, which contradicted the absolutismof Dom Pedro I, the ideologies that come every time from Europe and theUnited States, aroused the harsh and rebellious character of one of the mostThe Brazilian state. The choice of the city of São Paulo seems obvious, thealready outstanding port of Santos, the proximity of the crown facilities and thealready incipient infrastructure, the province represented the organization ofpolitics and economic activity, the interests of development of the countryfavored the City. But the choice of Olinda dates back to the year 1800, whenAzeredo Coutinho, bishop of Olinda and acting governor of Pernambuco,founded a modeling seminary. This institute inaugurated in 22/02/1800 wouldhouse in 1827 the then legal faculty. Pernambuco was the main representativeof liberal ideas, had already revolted and persuaded other provinces do thesame. The choice of Pernambuco as the seat of one of the faculties seems upto the moment of this research, as a strategic choice of vigilance ready forpunishment. Dom Pedro I, who had already punished the province ofPernambuco, with detachment from the extensive territory of the District of SanFrancisco, would have the faculty as the eyes of the crown the watch over therebellious province. After the transfer of the faculty of Olinda to Recife, it waspossible to verify a literary production, that would not change the educationalpanorama of the State, would lead to deep discussions about the same. Thissystem of education, which was once only destined for the subjects of thecrown, won not only defenders for its popularization, as it was incorporated,the order of the new studies, among them that of criminal law so stagnant.