Raw Materials in East Donbass Based on Waste Piles Processing Screenings for the Large-Sized Ceramic Stones’ Production

Abstract

The article shows the prospects of using large-sized ceramic stones for modern housing construction. A review of the raw materials and technologies for their production is given. It is emphasized that the most promising technology for the large-sized ceramic stones’ production is a hard extrusion technology with the possibility of laying raw products on firing buggies and accelerated drying and firing modes. The characteristic of waste piles processing screenings in East Donbass, which are considered to be the by-products of coal mining, as the main raw material for the large-sized ceramic stones’ production is given. Their ceramic properties and results of the raw materials’ selection are given, including: screenings - 60-65%; siliceous clay - 20-30% coal sludge - 10-15%, on the basis of which it is possible to obtain the products with low cost and high strength for the load-bearing wall structures. The features of the ceramic material microstructure based on the obtained raw material mixtures with optimal porosity are noted. It is shown that the waste piles’ involvement in the process of ceramic stones production will make it possible to obtain products with a density of less than 800 kg/m3, less thermal conductivity 0,20 m·°С)/W and the brand strength M150 and above, with a minimum cost. This will create a serious competition for gas silicate products and achieve a level of ceramic stones’ use in the total volume of wall products for the housing construction of 80%, like in Western Europe.