Rationale for the type of unmanned aerial vehicle for trichogramma settlement

Abstract

Annotation Purpose. Improving the quality of distribution of technological material on the field surface by substantiating the rational type of unmanned aerial vehicle. Methods. Analytical study of the design of unmanned aerial vehicles. Theoretical study of the movement of a particle of technological material. Results. The application of mineral fertilizers and plant protection products against pests by unmanned aerial vehicles is one of the most promising technologies today. Depending on the type of unmanned aerial vehicle, their advantages and disadvantages are determined, which directly affect the quality of the technological operation. Theoretical studies of the motion of a particle of technological material from the dosing and scattering device to the soil surface depending on the type of aircraft, which established the influence of air flows on the quality of distribution of technological material on the field surface. According to the results of field tests of the dosing and scattering device, the performance of the aircraft is determined depending on its type. Conclusions 1. An analysis of unmanned aerial vehicles has shown that multicopters and aircraft have both advantages and disadvantages. Aircraft have higher speed and performance, and multicopters have greater flight stabilization. 2. When applying technological material by multicopters, the quality of distribution is lower in comparison with airplanes due to squatting by air currents of propellers. 3. With increasing speed from 5 to 15 m/s at a height of 5 m, the width of the grip increased from 6 m to 7 m, which increased by 116.6 %. At a displacement of 15 m, the width of the grip increased by 125 %. 4. When changing the height of movement of the dosing and spreading device from 5 to 15 m at a speed of 5 m/s the width of capture increased from 6 m to 8 m, i.e. by 132.4 %, and at a speed of 15 m/s the width of capture increased from 7 m to 10 m, which corresponds to 141.6 %. 5. As a result of the industrial inspection of the dosing and scattering device for settling the trichogram, it was found that the productivity of the aircraft is 2 times higher compared to the multicopter, due to the speed and is 120 ha/h. Keywords: trichogramma settlement, agricultural multicopter, unmanned aerial vehicle, biological plant protection, settlement rate, capture width.