Rational regulation and one-step electrodeposition realization of surface textures and free energy to create mechanochemically durable superhydrophobicity for the enhanced anti-icing properties

Abstract

The quest for durable superhydrophobic materials with exceptional water-repellent properties remains a pressing challenge. This study introduces an innovative methodology that exploits one-step electrodeposition realization of surface textures and free energy to create robust superhydrophobic surfaces. Leveraging copper, nickel, and polytetrafluoroethylene nanoparticles, a dendritic microstructure is fabricated. An unprecedented feature of this process is the controlled partial melting of polytetrafluoroethylene during sintering, enabling the connection of discrete polymer particles and the formation of a resilient coating skeleton. This pioneering method grows low-energy materials in situ between coatings and gives the surface greater robustness. The surface prepared by this method showed excellent non-wettability, highlighted by a remarkable water contact angle of 163.1°. The surface shows outstanding anti-icing performance: water droplets resist freezing for up to 1173 s at −20 °C with negligible ice adhesion (only 34 kPa). Importantly, this technique is amenable to large metal surfaces. This study presents a novel and effective solution to face the durability challenges (The sample can withstand 400 linear wear and is resistant to acids, alkalis and ultraviolet). It underscores the innovative fusion of micro-nanostructure construction and low surface energy material modification, promising both enhanced adhesion and the preservation of surface durability.