Abstract
In the present study we present Brazilian normative ratings of pleasantness and relevance for a sample of German adjectives, with the aim of contributing to the development of psychosocial and neuropsychological instruments, among other related fields. Three judges validated a preliminary list of 186 German adjectives translated to Brazilian Portuguese. A coefficient of content validity (CCV) was obtained to evaluate the degree of agreement among the judges in two dimensions: equivalence and clearness. The final list contained 136 items. The CCV for the aggregate of the 136 adjectives was .90 for equivalence and .91 for clearness. These adjectives were subsequently rated for pleasantness and relevance by 385 Brazilian participants aged 17 to 68 years. The Brazilian ratings were compatible with the original German ratings. Agreement frequency was 73-99% for pleasantness and 44-96% for relevance. These norms may be useful for both national and cross-cultural studies between Germany and Brazil and can be used in a wide range of fields including social cognition, cognitive psychology, and clinical neuropsychology. Importantly, items from this list of adjectives can be used to develop instruments to assess memory, language, and mental representations, among other cognitive processes.
Highlights
Neuropsychological assessment can be conducted based on a set of clinical and experimental procedures such as interviews, observations, clinical or ecological tasks and standardized performance, and functional cognition tests
We calculated an estimate index of sensitivity separately for pleasantness and relevance based on Signal Detection Theory (SDT)
Once we selected the individuals who answered at least 20% of the items correctly, the final sample for the relevance domain consisted of 210 participants
Summary
Neuropsychological assessment can be conducted based on a set of clinical and experimental procedures such as interviews, observations, clinical or ecological tasks and standardized performance, and functional cognition tests (for review, see Lezak, Howieson, & Loring, 2004; Strauss, Sherman, & Spreen, 2006). In Brazil, words for which norms have been obtained have been rated with regard to semantic association in children (Salles, Holderbaum, & Machado, 2009) and college students (Salles et al, 2008). In these specific studies, the authors considered semantic association as (1). Fonseca and Koller in Germany in experimental studies of social cognition. This interdisciplinary field combines methods and theoretical models from cognitive psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and social psychology. Automatic processes were the main focus and represented the thoughts and concepts that people cannot control and generally are not aware of feeling or thinking
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