Abstract
Platelet thromboxane synthesis requires the release of arachidonic acid from the membrane phospholipids by phospholipase A 2. Regulation of thromboxane synthesis is by regulation of phospholipase A 2 which may be affected by the fatty acid composition of the membrane in which phospholipase resides. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets supplying 30% of energy (en%) as fat composed of corn oil and beef tallow to provide 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5, or 9.0 en% linoleate, with cholesterol added to provide equal cholesterol in all diets. Rats were fed for 30 days with eight rats/diet. Isolated platelets were assayed for fatty acid composition, net phospholipase A 2 activity, and thromboxane synthesis. Liver was analyzed for fatty acid composition. The percentage of linoleic acid in platelet and liver fatty acids rose linearly with increasing dietary linoleic acid. Phospholipase A 2 activity and thromboxane synthesis were correlated; both decreased as dietary linoleate rose. The concomitant changes in platelet fatty acid composition, phospholipase A 2 activity, and thromboxane synthesis suggest that membrane fatty acid composition is one site of control of phospholipase A 2 activity and thromboxane synthesis in rat platelets when diets provide from 4.5 to 9.0 en% linoleate. Other factors may be operative at lower linoleate concentrations.
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