Rapid mass propagation of endangered valuable medicinal plant &lt;em&gt;Salacia chinensis&lt;/em&gt; L. and GC-MS/LC-MS analysis of active compounds produced in callus and leaf extracts

S G Kamat,C G Patil,R Vasudeva

doi:10.4038/sljb.v6i2.80

Abstract

A protocol for indirect organogenesis of Salacia chinensis was established. Normally S. chinensis is propagated through seeds. However, due to the difficulty to obtain uniform plants in a short time period by seed germination, micro-propagation is a possible alternative method. For the micro-propagation, media with different concentration combinations of cytokinins and auxins were used to induce callus formation in three explants types: leaf segment, nodal segment and seeds. The rate of recurrence of callus formation from leaf on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with thidiazuron (TDZ) 0.5mg and TDZ 1mg was 100% and the maximum percentage of shoot let development from nodal segment on MS basal medium supplemented with BAP 6-(benzylamino purine) 3.5+ indole3-butyric acid (IBA) 1 mg/l was 78.3% when compared to other plant growth regulators (PGR) combinations used. The highest shoot regeneration response (85%) and the determined shoots (12.33 ± 0.33%) per callus were attained from leaf explants on MS medium containing 1-napthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 1mg/l + BAP 0.5 mg/l. The seeds showed highest percentage of shoot formation on MS medium supplemented with BAP 2mg + indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) 2mg/l and BAP 2mg + isopentenyl adenine (2iP) 2mg/l. Highest root formation (70±1.3%) was found in shoot regenerated using leaf segment on MS medium supplemented with IBA 0.5mg. The gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of methanolic extract of callus showed more compounds at higher percentage. HPLC-MS analysis of methanolic extract of callus showed higher concentration of Mangifera than in leaf extracts are reported for the first time.

Highlights

Salacia chinensis L. is a medicinally important plant used as herbal medicine in Ayurveda (Ghanam et al, 2016) and different parts of this plant have been extensively used to treat variety of ailments (Sikarwar et al, 2012)
3.1 Leaf explants: Leaf, nodal and seed explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium without plant growth regulators (PGR) failed to produce shoots even after 4 weeks of inoculation
Whereas swelling and expansion was observed in MS medium supplemented with PGR’s and callus induction was started at the cut ends after 6-7 days of incubation of leaf segment explants of S. chinensis

Summary

Introduction

Salacia chinensis L. is a medicinally important plant used as herbal medicine in Ayurveda (Ghanam et al, 2016) and different parts of this plant have been extensively used to treat variety of ailments (Sikarwar et al, 2012). Active compounds such as mangiferin, salacinol, kotanalol, phenolic compounds, glycosides and triterpenes have been isolated from the plant (Matsuda et al., 2005). For the treatment of diabetes, the compound Salacinol along with other compounds, present in S. chinensis is increasingly being used We report a reproducible and reliable micro-propagation protocol developed for its effective propagation

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Discussion

Conclusion